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Whale Watching, Dolphin Swimming and Scuba Diving in the Azores

Bryde's whale feeding off Pico

clock July 22, 2010 01:41 by author Enrico Villa

July always holds many surprises, this year the month has been truly outstanding - a feeding Bryde's whale (Balaenoptera brydei) sighted two days in a row off the south coast of Pico. While Blue, Fin and Sei whales are often encountered in our waters during the season, the Bryde's whales is mostly found in tropical and semi-tropical waters and rarely ventures into the somewhat higher latitudes of the Azores. The excitement of the close encounter turned into a lifetime experience when the Bryde's whale started to feed on the surface, giving us a chance to see the baleen and the expanded throat grooves just a few metres away from our boat (see picture below).


Bryde's whale gulp feeding (Balaenoptera brydei)
Photo by Petra Szlama - CW Azores Staff

The Bryde's whale can grow to 15 metres long and weigh up to 15 metric tonnes. It is named after the Norwegian whaler Johan Bryde (pronounced 'broodus').


Bryde's whale (Balaenoptera brydei)
Photo by Sara Rezk - CW Azores Staff

The Bryde's whale is not an easy one to identify, especially in waters where Fin and, most notably, Sei whales are also commonly seen. The key feature of the Bryde's is the presence of three longitudinal ridges on the top of head; the other balanopterids only have one central ridge running from the blowholes to the tip of the snout.


Bryde's whale - detail of the throat grooves that work a bit like an accordion, allowing the whale
to expand the volume ot its mouth and filter a larger amount of seawater
Photo by Petra Szlama - CW Azores Staff 

While telling apart Bryde's and Sei whale is extremely challenging, ruling out Fin whales is a bit easier. Indeed, the lower jaw of a Fin whale is peculiar in that it is white on the right side and black on the left side. Taking photos of both sides of an individual often allows us to clarify the identity of a Fin whale.


Common dolphins associated to the Bryde's whale
Photo by Sara Rezk - CW Azores Staff

We celebrate this rare sighting as a tribute to the amazing species diversity we are gifted to witness in the waters around Pico island.

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Sea turtles

clock July 20, 2010 09:28 by author Justin Hart

Our trips to sea are not just to see whales and dolphins they are also trips into the open ocean where we seek other pelagic marine life of interest. Often we encounter sea turtles, especially Loggerhead turtles Caretta caretta but very occasionally Leatherback turtles Dermochelys coriacea too. Both these species are pelagic. Once they have hatched and left their nesting beaches they spend the rest of their lives at sea. Only the females will return to land to lay their eggs, often on the very same beachwhere they were hatched. 

A Leatherback turtle surfaces close to a whale watching boat. 

Leatherbacks are the largest turtles, most are between 1-2m long but some grow to 3m and these can weigh up to 960kg. Of the sea turtles they occur inthe coolest waters (to 4.5 °C), they also dive the deepest (a depth of 1200m has been recorded) and swim the fastest (one was recorded swimming at 22mph!). They feed predominantly on jellyfish and lack a bony carapace like the other sea turtles. Little is known about their social and breeding behaviour at sea. Most of the Atlantic population hatch from breeding beaches in Suriname, French Guiana, Trinidad and Tobago, the Caribbean and Gabon. The females lay up to 9 clutches per season and are not always faithful to the same beach. Each clutch can comprise 110 eggs. Here in the Azores they are always seen alone (not including their usual entourage of pilot fish) and offshore in deep water.

This year on 6thJuly, south of Pico we encountered one Leatherback turtle that behaved very strangely. It repeatedly spun, rolled and inverted itself on the surface, flipper slapping like a Humpback whale. Eventually it dived away as normal but I have no idea what caused this behaviour.

 

Three photos illustrating some strange surface behaviour shown by a Leatherback turtle during a recent encounter. 

Loggerhead turtles are the second largest species of turtle. The largest can measure around 2m long. Most weigh between 80-200kg but the heaviest recorded was 545kg. They prefer warmer waters than the Leatherbacks(13°C– 28°C) but also feed on jellyfish. We sometimes see them feeding on the Portuguese man-o-war Physalia physalis. Most of the Atlantic population hatch from nesting beaches located between Virginia on the east coast of North America to Brazil in South America.  Some, however, also come from the Cape Verde islands in the east Atlantic. Females lay on average 4 clutches of eggs per season.

 

The distinctive prefrontal scales on the head of this turtle help to identify it as a Loggerhead turtle. 

Once at sea the Loggerhead turtles drift around the Sargasso sea current and can be encountered around the Azores at any time of year. We see both young and old Loggerheads,sometimes close to land, even during shore dives. They typically range in size from around 25cm to nearly 100cm long. Interestingly the carapace of the young turtles have distinctive serrations (perhaps to protect them from predation).

 

Portuguese man-o-war are a favourite food.

The serrations on the back of this young Loggerhead turtle may deter predators. 

 

 

 

 

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Balenottera di Bryde a Pico

clock July 15, 2010 22:21 by author Enrico Villa

Luglio ci riserva una sorpresa eccezionale con l'avvistamento per ben due giorni consecutivi di una Balenottera di Bryde (Balaenoptera brydei), un incontro decisamente raro qui alle Azzorre.
Contrariamente alle balenottere che avvistiamo regolarmente, come l'azzurra, la comune e la boreale, la Balenottera di Bryde predilige acque tropicali per tutto il corso dell'anno e raramente si avventura a nord fino alle nostre latitudini.
L'emozione dell'incontro ravvicinato con la Balenottera di Bryde ha raggiunto l'apice quando l'abbiamo vista mangiare in superficie, a pochi metri dalla nostra barca.
Il suo tranquillo pranzare ci ha permesso di osservarne i fanoni, utilizzati dalle balenottere per filtrare il cibo dall'acqua di mare (vedi foto di sotto).


Balenottera di Bryde mangia pesce in superficie (Balaenoptera brydei)
Foto di Petra Szlama - CW Azores Staff

Questo animale può raggiungere una lunghezza massima di 15 metri e un peso intorno alle 25 tonnellate.
La Balenottera di Bryde deve il proprio nome al baleniere norvegese Johan Bryde e, proprio perché si tratta di un nome norvegese, la sua pronuncia è più simile a 'briu-du' che a 'braid' (come si pronuncerebbe in inglese).


Balenottera di Bryde (Balaenoptera brydei)
Foto di Sara Rezk - CW Azores Staff

Riconoscere una Balenottera di Bryde non è cosa semplice, soprattutto in acque frequentate anche dalla Balenottera comune e, in particolare, dalla Balenottera boreale.
La caratteristica più distintiva della Balenottera di Bryde è la presenza di 3 creste longitudinali sulla parte dorsale del muso, mentre le altre balenottere ne hanno una sola, che si estende dalla punta del muso fino agli sfiatatoi.
Come è facile immaginare, però, è un'impresa ardua riuscire a vedere dall'alto la testa della balenottera mentre emerge!


La balenottera di Bryde si avvicina alla nostra barca e mostra le pieghe sottogolari, che le
consentono di aumentare il volume della cavità orale per filtrare una maggiore quantità d'acqua
Foto di Petra Szlama - CW Azores Staff 

Più facile è distinguere la Balenottera di Bryde da quella comune, dato che quest'ultima presenta una colorazione differente tra guancia destra e quella sinistra.
La guancia destra della Balenottera comune, infatti, è bianca, mentre quella sinistra è di colore grigio uniforme.
Le fotografie di entrambi i lati dell'animale e, secondariamente, la forma della pinna dorsale e il comportamento durante la riemersione ci hanno permesso di escludere che l'individuo avvistato fosse una Balenottera comune.
Infine, la presenza di una cresta longitudinale all'esterno di quella principale, fotografata da entrambi i lati della balenottera, ci ha permesso di identificare positivamente la Balenottera di Bryde.


Delfini comuni insieme alla Balenottera di Bryde
Foto di Sara Rezk - CW Azores Staff

Questo magnifico quanto raro avvistamento è un'ulteriore testimonianza della grande diversità di specie di cetacei che è possibile incontrare qui alle Azzorre.

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Join us for an unforgettable holiday!

The Azores are one of the very top destinations in the world for whale watching and swimming with the dolphins.
The archipelago is the second best group of islands in the world for sustainable tourism, according to National Geographic Traveller.

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